This tutorial will guide you through the wiring process for your CNC Router. Please follow each step carefully to ensure all connections are correct and secure.

Preparation:

Before starting, ensure you have all the necessary components ready for connection, including the main control board, stepper motors, limit switches, emergency stop switch, spindle motor, power supply, and offline controller.

• Purpose: To connect the emergency stop switch, allowing you to quickly cut off power to the machine in case of an emergency.
• Wiring Method:
  • Locate the emergency stop switch and its connecting cable.
  • Connect the connector of the emergency stop switch to the dedicated interface on the main control board, usually labeled "E-stop Switch" or a similar identifier. This is typically a two-pin terminal or socket.
  • Refer to the enlarged diagram on the left in image to connect the E-stop switch cable to the corresponding port in the upper left corner of the control board.

• Purpose: To connect the stepper motors that control the movement of the X, Y, and Z axes.
• Wiring Method:
  • X-Motor: Locate the X-axis stepper motor (usually mounted on the gantry, controlling left-right movement). Connect its motor cable to the interface labeled "X-Motor" or "X" on the main control board.
  • Y-Motor: Locate the Y-axis stepper motor (usually mounted on the base, controlling front-back movement). Connect its motor cable to the interface labeled "Y-Motor" or "Y" on the main control board.
  • Z-Motor: Locate the Z-axis stepper motor (usually mounted on the Z-axis assembly, controlling up-down movement). Connect its motor cable to the interface labeled "Z-Motor" or "Z" on the main control board.
  • Each stepper motor typically has four wires corresponding to a four-pin socket. Ensure the plug orientation is correct.
  • Refer to the control board diagram at the bottom of image to find the corresponding interfaces for the X, Y, and Z motors and connect them.

• Purpose: To connect the limit switches, which define the movement boundaries for each axis of the machine and prevent collisions.
• Wiring Method:
  • This machine is equipped with limit switches for the X-axis (X1, X2), Y-axis (Y1, Y2), and Z-axis (Z1, Z2).
  • X1-Limit and X2-Limit: Connect the two X-axis limit switches to the interfaces on the main control board labeled "X1-Limit" and "X2-Limit" (or similar, like "X-", "X+").
  • Y1-Limit and Y2-Limit: Connect the two Y-axis limit switches to the interfaces on the main control board labeled "Y1-Limit" and "Y2-Limit" (or similar, like "Y-", "Y+").
  • Z1-Limit and Z2-Limit: Connect the two Z-axis limit switches to the interfaces on the main control board labeled "Z1-Limit" and "Z2-Limit" (or similar, like "Z-", "Z+").
  • Limit switches typically have two wires that connect to corresponding two-pin sockets.
  • Refer to the control board diagram in image to find the corresponding interfaces for each limit switch and connect them.

• Purpose: To connect the spindle motor, which drives the cutting tool.
• Wiring Method:
  • Locate the spindle motor and its two lead wires (usually red and black).
  • Connect these two wires to the interface on the main control board labeled "Spindle Motor," "Motor," or a similar identifier.
  • The Red wire typically connects to the positive (+) terminal.
  • The Black wire typically connects to the negative (-) terminal.
  • Refer to the control board diagram in image to connect the red and black wires of the spindle motor to the corresponding two-pin interface.

• Purpose: To provide power to the entire system.
• Wiring Method:
  • Control Board Power:
    • Locate the DC power output wires from the power supply (usually red and black).
    • Connect the Red wire to the positive terminal (+ or V+) of the "Power Supply" input on the main control board.
    • Connect the Black wire to the negative terminal (- or GND) of the "Power Supply" input on the main control board.
  • Power Supply Input (Mains Power):
    • Connect the Green wire of the AC power cord to the ground terminal (Ground wire / GND / 〨) of the power supply unit.
    • Connect the Blue wire of the AC power cord to the neutral terminal (Neutral wire / N) of the power supply unit.
    • Connect the Red wire (or Brown wire in some regions) of the AC power cord to the live terminal (Live wire / L) of the power supply unit.
  • WARNING: Connecting mains power can be dangerous. Always perform this step with the power disconnected and ensure all connections are correct. If you are unsure, please seek assistance from a qualified professional.
  • Refer to image for connection details.

• Purpose: To connect the offline controller, allowing operation of the engraving machine without a direct computer connection.
• Wiring Method:
  • Locate the offline controller and its ribbon cable.
  • Connect one end of the ribbon cable to the interface on the offline controller.
  • Connect the other end of the ribbon cable to the dedicated ribbon cable socket on the main control board, usually labeled "Offline Controller" or a similar identifier. Pay attention to the orientation of the cable; there is usually a key to prevent incorrect insertion.
  • !!! Warning: The computer and the offline controller cannot be connected to the engraving machine at the same time. When using one, ensure the other is disconnected.
  • Refer to image for connection details.

• After all wiring is completed, your engraving machine should look like the one shown in image.
• Carefully double-check all connections to ensure they are secure, correct, and that there are no short circuits or loose wires.
• Before applying power for the first time, it is advisable to remove any tool from the spindle and be prepared to press the emergency stop switch if necessary.

Once wiring is complete, you will need to proceed with software installation, parameter configuration, and initial testing. Please refer to your engraving machine's user manual for more information.

Enjoy using your machine!